let

x = the first number

y = the second number

let x > y

the sum of two numbers is 75

x + y = 75

if twice the smaller number is subtracted from the larger number, the result is 12

x - 2y = 12

by solving the system of equations

x + y = 75

x - 2y = 12

we find

x = 54

y = 21

the two numbers are 54 and 21.