FACTORING POLYNOMIALS AND POWER SERIES

1) Let K be complete with respect to a non-trivial non-archimedean absolute
value |  |. Is every absolute value on K (T) which extends |  | equivalent to |  |c for
some ?

2) Let K be complete with respect to a non-trivial non-archimedean absolute
value |  |. Let and let denote the subset of formal sums

with is the set of power series over K which
“converge in a closed ball radius c”.] If define

(a) Show that |f|c = 0 if and only if f = 0.
(b) Show that K[T]c is closed under addition and that
(c) Show that K[T]c is closed under multiplication and that
(d) Show that K[T]c is complete with respect to | |c.
(e) Show that K[T] is dense in K[T]c.
(f) If and satisfies
show that we can uniquely write
h = qf + r

where, where has degree less than n, and where

[Hint: use part (e).]

3) Which of the following polynomials are irreducible over Q5?

4) If p is an odd prime determine modulo p3 the monic irreducible factors of
X3 + 2pX2 + pX + p2.

5) How many roots does X3 + 25X2 + X − 9 have in Qp for p = 2, 3, 5, 7?

6) Keep the notation and assumptions of question 2). If

let NP(f) denote the boundary of the smallest convex set containing the points
and (0, y) for y any sufficiently large real number . Suppose
Let denote the lowest line of slope which meets NP(h). Let m
denote the largest x- coordinate of a point of intersection of with NP(h). Why is
m an integer? Show that we can write
h = fg

where is a polynomial of degree m, where

and where

for all i > 0.

Deduce that there are only finitely many with |
Also deduce that the number of zeros with is zero unless
NP(h) has a side of slope −d, in which case the number of such zeros is positive,
but less than or equal the length of the x-axis below the side with slope −d.

7) Suppose that K is algebraically closed and complete with respect to a nontrivial
non-archimedean absolute value |  |. Also suppose that

converges at all elements of K. Show that f has only finitely many zeros in any
closed ball Let be the zeros of f in K in order of
increasing
absolute value. Show that

where the limit is taken with respect to any one of the absolute values | |c with
Deduce that for any t ∈ K

8) (a) Show that

where [t] denotes the greatest integer less than or equal to a real number t. Deduce
that

(b) If with and if m is a positive integer recall that we
have

Show that this can be rewritten as

where the do not depend on m and tend to zero as

(c) Show that X2 + X + 3 splits as (X −α )(X −β) over and
. Calculate

mod 27
and
mod 81
for all j.

(d) Consider the recurrence relation u(n+2) = 3u(n+1)−5u(n) with u(0) = 1
and u(1) = 2. Show that u(2m + 1) −1 mod 3 for all non- negative integers m.
Also show that

Use this to write

where and the sum converges 3-adically for all . Calculate each
modulo 81. Show that u(2m) = 1 for at most three non-negative integers m. Find
all non-negative integers m with u(2m) = 1.
 

Prev Next